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Long-term renal consequences of preterm birth

Megan Sutherland1, Dana Ryan1, M Jane Black1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Level 3, Boulevard 76, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Clinics in Perinatology
|August 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal kidney development can be impacted by factors like placental issues and maternal health conditions. This review highlights key renal risk factors affecting kidney health in newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Kidney development is crucial for long-term health.
  • Several prenatal and postnatal factors can negatively impact nephrogenesis.
  • Understanding these risks is vital for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors affecting normal kidney development in neonates.
  • To highlight renal risk factors based on clinical neonatal scenarios.
  • To discuss the supporting animal and human evidence for these risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on neonatal kidney development.
  • Analysis of common clinical neonatal scenarios.
  • Synthesis of animal and human evidence on renal risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Identified prenatal factors: placental abnormalities, fetal growth restriction, maternal hypertension/diabetes, antenatal steroids, chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery.
  • Identified postnatal factors: nephrotoxic medications, postnatal growth failure, obesity post-growth restriction.
  • Clinical scenarios illustrate the impact of these factors on nephrogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal and postnatal factors significantly influence neonatal kidney development and health.
  • Early identification of renal risk factors is essential for improving long-term outcomes.
  • Further research and clinical attention are needed to mitigate these risks.

Keywords:
Antenatal steroidsChorioamnionitisDiabetesGlomeruliGrowth restrictionPreeclampsiaPreterm

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