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Evidence of a hyperkinetic state in children with elevated blood pressure

Daniele Chirico1, Terrance J Wade, John Cairney

  • 1Faculty of Applied Health Sciences and.

Annals of Human Biology
|August 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Children with elevated blood pressure (BP) show higher heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO), but normal total peripheral resistance (TPR). Heart rate (HR) predicts BP status in children, aiding early cardiovascular risk identification.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Cardiovascular research
  • Hypertension in children

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and elevated left ventricular mass index (LVMI) predict adult cardiovascular events.
  • Children with hypertension exhibit LVH and greater LVMI than normotensive children.
  • Assessing blood pressure's impact on early left ventricular changes aids childhood cardiovascular risk identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate left ventricular structural and functional characteristics in children across a spectrum of blood pressure values.
  • To investigate the relationship between blood pressure and cardiac parameters in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasound sonography assessed left ventricular properties in children aged 11-14 years.
  • Participants were categorized into hypertensive (HTN) and normotensive (NTN) groups based on blood pressure.
  • Resting heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive children had elevated cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR), with increased left ventricular volumes.
  • Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) did not differ between groups.
  • Heart rate (HR) and body mass index were independent predictors of blood pressure group.

Conclusions:

  • Children with elevated blood pressure exhibit high heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO) but normal total peripheral resistance (TPR).
  • Heart rate (HR) emerges as a significant predictor of blood pressure status in early childhood.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring cardiac function in pediatric hypertension for early risk stratification.
Abstract

Keywords:
Blood pressurechildrenhyperkinetic circulationleft ventricle mass

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