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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Diabetic Neuropathy

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DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
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New guidelines for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Susan Weiss Behrend1

  • 1Department of Nursing, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA.

Oncology Nursing Forum
|August 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

New survivorship guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology are now available. These updated recommendations aim to improve care for cancer survivors.

Keywords:
anxietychemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathydepressionfatigueguidelinessurvivorship

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology Nursing
  • Cancer Survivorship Care

Background:

  • The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) periodically updates its clinical guidelines.
  • Effective cancer survivorship care requires current, evidence-based recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To inform Oncology Nursing Forum readers about the latest ASCO survivorship guidelines.
  • To highlight key updates and adaptations in cancer survivorship care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recently released American Society of Clinical Oncology survivorship guidelines.
  • Synthesis of information for an oncology nursing audience.

Main Results:

  • New and adapted survivorship guidelines have been published by ASCO.
  • These guidelines address critical aspects of post-treatment cancer care.

Conclusions:

  • Oncology nurses should familiarize themselves with the updated ASCO survivorship guidelines.
  • Implementation of these guidelines can enhance the quality of life for cancer survivors.