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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

42
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
42
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

15
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
15
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

14
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
14
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

29
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
29
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

2.6K
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
2.6K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke
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Published on: January 18, 2018

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Haemodilution for acute ischaemic stroke.

Timothy S Chang1, Matthew B Jensen

  • 1Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, FCB Room 7273, 1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, USA, 53705.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|August 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Haemodilution therapy does not clearly benefit patients with acute ischaemic stroke. This treatment has not been proven to improve survival or functional outcomes in stroke patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Ischaemic stroke is caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain.
  • Haemodilution aims to improve blood flow and reduce brain infarct size.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of haemodilution in acute ischaemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 21 randomised controlled trials involving 4174 participants.
  • Trials included treatments started within 72 hours of stroke onset.
  • Data extracted and quality assessed by review authors.

Main Results:

  • Haemodilution did not significantly reduce deaths within four weeks or three to six months.
  • No significant impact on death, dependency, or institutionalisation.

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  • No statistically significant benefits for specific haemodiluting agents; weak power for HES.
  • A tendency towards reduced venous thromboembolic events, but not statistically significant.
  • No increased risk of serious cardiac events.

    • Conclusions:

    • No clear evidence of haemodilution therapy benefit for acute ischaemic stroke.
    • Therapy is not proven to improve survival or functional outcomes.