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Related Experiment Videos

Pituitary function in isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.

J Yeh1, R W Rebar, J H Liu

  • 1Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla 92093.

Clinical Endocrinology
|September 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Isolated gonadotrophin deficiency (IGD) patients retain minimal GnRH secretion, responding to low GnRH doses. This suggests IGD is a spectrum, with largely intact pituitary function except for female prolactin response.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Neuroendocrinology

Background:

  • Isolated gonadotrophin deficiency (IGD) is a condition affecting reproductive hormone production.
  • Kallmann's syndrome, a subset of IGD, is characterized by anosmia (loss of smell).
  • Understanding hypothalamic-pituitary function in IGD is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess hypothalamic-pituitary function in individuals with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.
  • To investigate the pituitary response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in IGD patients with and without anosmia.
  • To evaluate the integrity of other pituitary axes (prolactin, TSH, GH) in IGD.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed hypothalamic-pituitary function in 24 IGD patients (13 with normal olfaction, 11 with anosmia).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Administered intravenous GnRH boluses (10 and 150 micrograms) and measured luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) responses.
  • Evaluated prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and growth hormone (GH) responses to arginine infusion and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).

    • Main Results:

    • IGD patients showed significant LH and FSH increases after a minimal GnRH dose (10 micrograms).
    • Higher GnRH doses (150 micrograms) did not elicit a greater gonadotropin response in anosmic IGD patients.
    • Pituitary responses for PRL, TSH, and GH were largely comparable to normal individuals, with a noted blunted PRL response to TRH in females.

    Conclusions:

    • IGD patients possess minimal endogenous GnRH secretion, enabling pituitary response to low GnRH doses without priming.
    • IGD is a heterogeneous syndrome encompassing individuals with and without normal olfaction.
    • The pituitary gland in IGD patients appears largely intact, except for a potential impairment in the prolactin response to TRH in females.