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Mapping cortical haemodynamics during neonatal seizures using diffuse optical tomography: a case study.

Harsimrat Singh1, Robert J Cooper1, Chuen Wai Lee2

  • 1neoLAB, The Evelyn Perinatal Imaging Centre, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK ; Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|August 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Newborn brain seizures are challenging to diagnose and treat. New diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and video-electroencephalography (EEG) imaging reveals consistent hemodynamic changes during seizures, aiding detection.

Keywords:
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT)Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)Hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE)Neonatal seizures

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neurology
  • Medical imaging
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Neonatal seizures are difficult to diagnose and treat, with significant neurodevelopmental consequences.
  • Current gold-standard, video-electroencephalography (EEG), requires expertise and offers limited insight into the brain's physiological response.
  • The impact of seizures on the developing infant brain remains poorly understood.

Observation:

  • This case study utilized simultaneous diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and video-EEG with whole-scalp coverage in an infant with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.
  • Seven distinct periods of electrographic seizure activity were recorded over 60 minutes.
  • DOT imaging captured the hemodynamic response to each seizure event.

Findings:

  • A consistent, high-amplitude, biphasic hemodynamic response was observed in the infant's cortex during seizures.
  • This response included an initial increase in cortical blood volume followed by a prolonged decrease.
  • The observed pattern of blood volume and oxygenation changes was consistent across multiple seizure events.

Implications:

  • DOT-EEG techniques provide valuable physiological and clinical information about neonatal seizures.
  • The consistent hemodynamic patterns suggest DOT-EEG can improve seizure detection in newborns.
  • Understanding these hemodynamic changes is crucial for developing targeted treatments for neonatal seizures.