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Appendiceal mucocele and pseudomyxoma peritonei; the clinical boundaries of a subtle disease

Charalampos Spyropoulos1, Achilleas Rentis1, Eleftheria Alexaki2

  • 13rd Department of Surgery, IASO General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|August 29, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Appendiceal mucocele is a rare condition. Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial to prevent complications like pseudomyxoma peritonei, especially in cases with malignant potential.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Appendiceal mucocele is an uncommon cystic lesion of the appendix, characterized by mucus distension.
  • It typically arises from epithelial proliferation, inflammation, or obstruction.
  • Rupture can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei if an underlying mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is present.

Observation:

  • The study presents two cases of appendiceal mucocele, highlighting the disease's spectrum.
  • One case involved an asymptomatic mucocele in a 70-year-old female.
  • The other case was pseudomyxoma peritonei in an 84-year-old male.

Findings:

  • Appendiceal mucocele is rare and often diagnosed post-appendectomy via histopathology.
  • The potential for malignant transformation and spread (pseudomyxoma peritonei) necessitates thorough evaluation.
  • Optimal management strategies for both mucocele and pseudomyxoma peritonei are reviewed.

Implications:

  • Extensive preoperative assessment is vital for appendiceal mucocele.
  • Thorough intraoperative examination of the gastrointestinal tract and peritoneum is required.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are key to managing this rare condition and preventing metastasis.

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