Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.2K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
1.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.1K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

3.0K
All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
3.0K
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.8K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.8K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.9K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
1.9K
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

6.1K
Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical outcomes of concomitant anti-PD-1 therapy and denosumab treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastasis: a single-center retrospective study.

Discover oncology·2026
Same author

Amivantamab plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy as first-line treatment in Chinese mainland patients with EGFR exon 20 insertion non-small cell lung cancer: Subgroup analysis of the randomized PAPILLON trial.

Chinese medical journal·2026
Same author

International Consensus on Severe Lung Cancer-The Second Edition.

Translational lung cancer research·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of first-line osimertinib in Chinese patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study (FLOURISH).

Cancer biology & medicine·2026
Same author

Clinical Outcomes of Omadacycline in Critically Ill Patients Treated for Carbapenem-Resistant Organism Infections: A Retrospective Study.

Infection and drug resistance·2026
Same author

Deulorlatinib (TGRX-326) in ALK Gene Fusion Positive NSCLC After Failure of Second-Generation Inhibitors: A Single-Arm, Multicenter, Phase 2 Trial.

Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
08:01

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

6.6K

Ultralong pure longitudinal magnetization needle induced by annular vortex binary optics.

Sicong Wang, Xiangping Li, Jianying Zhou

    Optics Letters
    |August 29, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers created an ultralong optical needle with pure transverse polarization. This needle induces pure longitudinal magnetization with a subwavelength lateral size and ultralong depth via the inverse Faraday effect.

    More Related Videos

    Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
    06:53

    Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

    Published on: February 1, 2017

    6.5K
    Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
    06:27

    Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques

    Published on: July 2, 2018

    8.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

    Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
    08:01

    Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

    Published on: November 21, 2019

    6.6K
    Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
    06:53

    Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

    Published on: February 1, 2017

    6.5K
    Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
    06:27

    Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques

    Published on: July 2, 2018

    8.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Generating tightly focused optical fields is crucial for applications in microscopy and materials processing.
    • Previous methods for creating optical needles often result in limited aspect ratios and polarization purity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To numerically generate an ultralong optical needle with pure transverse polarization.
    • To investigate the induction of longitudinal magnetization using this optical needle via the inverse Faraday effect.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing Richards and Wolf diffraction theory.
    • Tightly focusing an azimuthally polarized beam through an annular vortex binary filter with a π phase shift.
    • Applying the inverse Faraday effect to induce magnetization.

    Main Results:

    • An ultralong optical needle with pure transverse polarization was successfully generated.
    • This needle induced pure longitudinal magnetization with a subwavelength lateral size (0.38λ) and an ultralong longitudinal depth (7.48λ).
    • The generated needle achieved an aspect ratio of 20, twice that of previous methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method enables the generation of ultralong, pure transverse polarization optical needles.
    • These needles can induce highly elongated longitudinal magnetization with subwavelength lateral confinement.
    • This technique offers a significant improvement in needle aspect ratio for magnetization induction.