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Thermodynamics of a physical model implementing a Maxwell demon.

Philipp Strasberg1, Gernot Schaller1, Tobias Brandes1

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Mesoscopic Physics
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • Maxwell's demon paradox challenges the second law of thermodynamics.
  • Stochastic thermodynamics provides a framework to analyze information-energy trade-offs in small systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally implement a Maxwell demon system.
  • To analyze entropy production in a feedback-controlled quantum system.
  • To identify the contribution of information flow to thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Physical realization of a Maxwell demon using a single electron transistor (SET) and a quantum dot.
  • Capacitive coupling between the SET and the detector quantum dot.
  • Description of the system using stochastic thermodynamics.

Main Results:

  • The SET's energetics remain unaffected by the detection process.
  • A new contribution to coarse-grained entropy production is identified.
  • This contribution is linked to the information flow from the Maxwell demon feedback.

Conclusions:

  • The physical implementation validates theoretical predictions of information's thermodynamic role.
  • The study quantifies information flow's impact on entropy production.
  • This work bridges quantum information and thermodynamics in a practical setup.