Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 25, 2026
08:22
Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
Published on: August 6, 2018
6.5K
Amplified x-ray emission from core-ionized diatomic molecules
Victor Kimberg1, Nina Rohringer1
1Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany and Max Planck Advanced Study Group, CFEL, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|August 29, 2014
Summary
We predict high-gain X-ray lasing in molecular nitrogen using ultrafast core ionization. This method allows tuning the X-ray emission frequency and offers a new source for coherent X-ray radiation.
Area of Science:
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Quantum Optics
- X-ray Science
Background:
- X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) enable novel interactions with matter.
- Coherent X-ray radiation sources are crucial for advanced spectroscopy and imaging.
- Molecular systems offer potential for new lasing mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To predict high-gain X-ray lasing in molecular nitrogen.
- To investigate the spectral and temporal characteristics of the emitted X-rays.
- To explore the tunability of X-ray emission frequency.
Main Methods:
- Solving generalized Maxwell-Bloch equations.
- Accounting for electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom.
- Utilizing ultrafast core ionization with an XFEL source.
Main Results:
- Predicted high-gain X-ray lasing in molecular nitrogen.
- Observed dependence of emission spectrum on gain-length product.
- Demonstrated tunability of X-ray emission frequency by controlling vibrational states.
Conclusions:
- The proposed scheme enables high-gain X-ray lasing in molecular nitrogen.
- The spectral properties are controllable via gain and initial vibrational state.
- This approach extends the range of coherent X-ray sources for diatomic systems.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview
3.0K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
3.0K
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
1.5K
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
1.5K
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
866
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
866
01:25Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods
1.8K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
1.8K
01:23Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence
3.1K
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
3.1K
01:13Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources
1.6K
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
1.6K