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Progressive, reversible sensorineural hearing loss caused by azathioprine
P W Jenkinson1, M I Syed1, L Mcclymont1
1Department of Otolaryngology,Raigmore Hospital,NHS Highlands,Inverness,Scotland,UK.
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|August 29, 2014
Summary
Azathioprine can cause progressive sensorineural hearing loss, a previously unreported side effect. Promptly stopping the medication can reverse this hearing impairment, preventing permanent damage.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Ototoxicology
- Clinical Neurology
Background:
- Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug used in various autoimmune conditions.
- Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a significant clinical concern with diverse etiologies.
- Drug-induced ototoxicity is a known but often under-recognized adverse effect.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the first case of progressive sensorineural hearing loss attributed to azathioprine.
- To highlight the ototoxic potential of azathioprine and its reversibility.
- To emphasize the importance of early clinical recognition of this adverse drug reaction.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a female patient with new-onset progressive SNHL.
- Detailed otological and neurological examinations were performed.
- Audiometric evaluation before and after azathioprine cessation.
Main Results:
- The patient developed progressive SNHL after initiating azathioprine therapy.
- Hearing improvement was reported by the patient post-discontinuation.
- Pure tone audiometry confirmed significant hearing recovery.
Conclusions:
- Azathioprine is a potential cause of reversible sensorineural hearing loss.
- Early identification and drug withdrawal are crucial to prevent irreversible hearing deficits.
- Clinicians should consider azathioprine-induced ototoxicity in patients presenting with unexplained SNHL.
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