Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

944
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
944
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.7K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.7K
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

2.6K
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
2.6K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.3K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.3K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.1K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.1K
Poisson's And Laplace's Equation01:25

Poisson's And Laplace's Equation

4.3K
The electric potential of the system can be calculated by relating it to the electric charge densities that give rise to the electric potential. The differential form of Gauss's law expresses the electric field's divergence in terms of the electric charge density.
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Relevance of Cancer-Type-Specific Scenarios in Predicting Primary Radiotherapy Use in Nonmetastatic Cancer Patients in the Netherlands Towards 2032.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2026
Same author

Deintensification of Radiotherapy Use in Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in the Netherlands-A Nationwide Overview From 2008 Until 2022.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2025
Same author

Radiotherapy Trends and Variations in Invasive Non-metastatic Breast Cancer Treatment in the Netherlands: A Nationwide Overview From 2008 to 2019.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2024
Same author

Trends and Variation in the Use of Radiotherapy in Non-metastatic Rectal Cancer: a 14-year Nationwide Overview from the Netherlands.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2024
Same author

Nonlinear effects at the electrode-tissue interface of deep brain stimulation electrodes.

Journal of neural engineering·2024
Same author

Picosecond-Scale Ultrafast Many-Body Dynamics in an Ultracold Rydberg-Excited Atomic Mott Insulator.

Physical review letters·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.8K

Sub-Poissonian statistics of Rydberg-interacting dark-state polaritons.

C S Hofmann1, G Günter1, H Schempp1

  • 1Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 226, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|August 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers observed dark-state polaritons in ultracold atoms, revealing strong Rydberg interactions that create optical nonlinearities and alter polariton statistics below the quantum noise limit.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Non-Invasive Imaging of Complex Bio-Structures Using Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy
05:54

Author Spotlight: Non-Invasive Imaging of Complex Bio-Structures Using Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2023

1.9K
Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

15.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.8K
Author Spotlight: Non-Invasive Imaging of Complex Bio-Structures Using Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy
05:54

Author Spotlight: Non-Invasive Imaging of Complex Bio-Structures Using Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2023

1.9K
Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

15.9K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Atomic physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Dark-state polaritons are quantum states of light and matter.
  • Rydberg states in ultracold atoms exhibit strong, long-range interactions.
  • Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) enables control over light propagation in atomic media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the propagation of individual dark-state polaritons in ultracold atomic gases.
  • To study the effects of Rydberg interactions and Rydberg blockade on polariton dynamics and statistics.
  • To explore the nonlinear optical response and photon correlations in this coupled atom-light system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultracold atomic gases with Rydberg states.
  • Employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance.
  • Combining optical imaging and high-fidelity detection of Rydberg polaritons.

Main Results:

  • Observed individual dark-state polaritons propagating through the atomic gas.
  • Demonstrated Rydberg blockade leading to significant optical nonlinearities.
  • Measured modified polariton number statistics, with fluctuations below the quantum noise limit in the blockade regime.

Conclusions:

  • Strong Rydberg interactions significantly modify polariton propagation and statistics.
  • Rydberg blockade results in substantial optical nonlinearities and reduced quantum noise.
  • Observed photon correlations influenced by interactions have a backaction on Rydberg atom statistics.