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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

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Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart...
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Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects
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[Masked hypertension].

Hiroaki Matsuoka

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |August 30, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Masked hypertension, normal in-office blood pressure but high out-of-office readings, elevates cardiovascular risk. Lifestyle changes and precise blood pressure management are crucial for treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Hypertension Research
    • Preventive Medicine

    Context:

    • Masked hypertension is characterized by normal office blood pressure readings despite elevated out-of-office levels.
    • Out-of-office blood pressure monitoring, via ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or home blood pressure measurements (HBPM), is key to diagnosis.
    • While HBPM is common in Japan due to simplicity, ABPM is vital for assessing nocturnal blood pressure patterns.

    Purpose:

    • To highlight the diagnostic methods and clinical significance of masked hypertension.
    • To identify contributing factors and associated risks of masked hypertension.
    • To outline essential treatment strategies for masked hypertension.

    Summary:

    • Patients with masked hypertension exhibit normal clinic blood pressure but elevated readings during ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or home blood pressure measurements (HBPM).
    • This condition carries a cardiovascular morbidity risk comparable to established hypertension.
    • Contributing factors include lifestyle (smoking, alcohol), blood pressure variability (e.g., morning surge, non-dipper patterns), and inadequate hypertension treatment.

    Impact:

    • Masked hypertension poses a significant, often undetected, cardiovascular risk.
    • Early identification and management are essential to mitigate long-term cardiovascular complications.
    • Effective treatment involves lifestyle modifications, rigorous blood pressure control, and addressing underlying conditions.