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Novel dicistrovirus from bat guano.

Gábor Reuter1, Péter Pankovics, Zoltán Gyöngyi

  • 1Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Szabadság út 7., 7623, Pécs, Hungary, reuter.gabor@ddr.antsz.hu.

Archives of Virology
|August 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A novel dicistrovirus was discovered in bat guano in Hungary. This finding suggests a potential new species within the Cripavirus genus, expanding our understanding of bat viruses.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Bat Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Insectivorous bats, such as Pipistrellus pipistrellus, can harbor diverse viral populations.
  • Dicistroviruses are known RNA viruses that infect arthropods and sometimes vertebrates.
  • Previous research has identified various viruses in bat populations, highlighting their role as potential reservoirs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel viruses present in bat guano samples.
  • To characterize the genome and phylogenetic relationships of a newly detected dicistrovirus.
  • To determine the potential taxonomic classification of the novel viral isolate.

Main Methods:

  • Viral metagenomics was employed to sequence and identify viral agents in bat guano.
  • Bioinformatic analyses were used to assemble the viral genome and compare it to known sequences.

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  • Phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid identity of capsid proteins was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • A novel dicistrovirus, strain NB-1/2011/HUN, was detected in guano from Pipistrellus pipistrellus bats in Hungary.
    • The complete genome of NB-1 is 9136 nucleotides long and exhibits a typical dicistrovirus organization.
    • NB-1 shares low amino acid sequence identity (41%) with known viruses, suggesting it may represent a new species.

    Conclusions:

    • The discovery of NB-1 expands the known diversity of dicistroviruses in bat populations.
    • NB-1 shows characteristics consistent with the genus Cripavirus, family Dicistroviridae, indicating a potential novel species.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the prevalence, host range, and pathogenicity of this novel bat dicistrovirus.