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Updated: Apr 25, 2026
Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
Published on: December 9, 2010
Minimizing lipid signal bleed in brain (1) H chemical shift imaging by post-acquisition grid shifting
Yi Zhang1,2, Jinyuan Zhou1,3, Paul A Bottomley1,2
1Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Purpose:
Low spatial resolution in conventional 1H brain chemical shifting imaging (CSI) studies causes partial volume error (PVE) or signal "bleed" that is especially deleterious to voxels near the scalp. The standard spatial apodization approach adversely affects spatial resolution. Here, a novel automated post-processing strategy of partial volume correction employing grid shifting ("PANGS") is presented, which minimizes residual PVE without compromising spatial resolution.
Methods:
PANGS shifts the locations of the reconstruction coordinates in a designated region of image space-the scalp, to match the tissue "centers-of-mass" instead of the geometric centers of each voxel, by iteratively minimizing the PVE from the scalp into outside voxels. PANGS' performance was evaluated by numerical simulation, and in 3 Tesla 1H CSI human studies employing outer volume suppression and long echo times.
Results:
PANGS reduced lipid contamination of cortical spectra by up to 86% (54% on average). Metabolite maps exhibited significantly less lipid artifact than conventional and spatially-filtered CSI. All methods generated quantitatively identical spectral peak areas from central brain locations, but spatial filtering increased spectral linewidths and reduced spatial resolution.
Conclusion:
PANGS significantly reduces lipid artifacts in 1H brain CSI spectra and metabolite maps, and improves metabolite detection in cortical regions without compromising resolution.
