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Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
Published on: August 19, 2020
Permeability factors in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis
Jochen Reiser1, Cynthia C Nast1, Nada Alachkar1
1Department of Medicine, Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; and Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Abstract:
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) represents a group of glomerular disorders, identified on kidney biopsy, that progress in the histopathologic pattern of sclerosis in parts of some glomeruli. Damage to podocytes usually marks the beginning of the disease, most evident in primary FSGS. In addition to genetic predisposition, there are many acquired causes that disturb normal podocyte homeostasis and allow for the development of FSGS. The aim of this review was to summarize recent findings of the most relevant circulating permeability factors that may serve as biomarkers of active primary idiopathic FSGS and aid in the diagnosis and prediction of recurrent FSGS after kidney transplantation.
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