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Related Concept Videos

Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

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Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show...
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Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

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Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

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Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder
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Insights into gait disorders: walking variability using phase plot analysis, Huntington's disease.

Johnny Collett1, Patrick Esser1, Hanan Khalil2

  • 1Movement Science Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.

Gait & Posture
|August 31, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phase plot analysis detects subtle gait changes in Huntington

Keywords:
GaitHuntington's diseaseMotor controlOutcome measureVariability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive inherited neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Early detection of motor changes in HD is crucial but challenging.
  • Existing methods for quantifying gait variability and symmetry in HD are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gait variability and symmetry in Huntington's disease using phase plot analysis.
  • To assess the sensitivity of phase plot analysis in detecting early motor changes in HD.
  • To correlate gait parameters with disease severity measures.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory observational study involving 35 HD gene carriers and 22 controls.
  • Gait data collected during a clinical walk test using an inertial measurement unit.
  • Phase plot analysis applied to calculate spatiotemporal variability (SDA), temporal variability (SDB), ratio (Ratio ∀), and symmetry (Δangleβ).
  • Comparison of gait parameters between premanifest HD (PreHD), early/mid-stage HD (HD1), late-stage HD (HD2), and controls.

Main Results:

  • Step time and stride length variability increased in manifest HD groups compared to controls.
  • No significant differences in spatiotemporal variability were found between PreHD and controls.
  • Phase plot analysis revealed significant differences in SDB, Ratio ∀, and Δangleβ between manifest HD and controls.
  • Ratio ∀ was significantly smaller in PreHD compared to controls and showed the strongest correlation with UHDRS-TMS and DBS.

Conclusions:

  • Phase plot analysis is a sensitive method for detecting gait changes in Huntington's disease.
  • This technique can identify subtle gait alterations even in premanifest stages.
  • Phase plot analysis is a rapid and clinically applicable tool for assessing HD progression.