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Small-scale twin-screw extrusion - evaluation of continuous split feeding.
Christian Muehlenfeld1, Markus Thommes
1Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
|September 2, 2014
Summary
Small-scale continuous extrusion is effective for early-stage product development. This study highlights powder and liquid feeding systems, crucial for uniform small-scale production and formulation screening.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Technology
- Chemical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Small-scale production often faces uniformity challenges.
- Continuous extrusion offers potential for efficient small-scale processing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a continuous, small-scale extrusion process.
- To focus on powder and liquid feeding systems for uniformity.
Main Methods:
- Investigated powder and liquid feeder uniformity and accuracy.
- Performed hot-melt extrusion with polymers and plasticizers.
- Conducted wet extrusion-spheronization using water as a granulation liquid.
Main Results:
- Powder and liquid feed rates are critical parameters for small-scale extrusion.
- Homogeneous plasticizer distribution was achieved in hot-melt extrusion (2.5-15% w/w).
- Spherical pellets were successfully produced via wet extrusion-spheronization at specific water contents.
Conclusions:
- The extruder is a valuable tool for small-scale formulation screening.
- Feasibility studies can be effectively conducted in early product development stages using this method.
Keywords:
Pharmaceutics
