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Kinematical Analysis along Maximal Lactate Steady State Swimming Intensity
Pedro Figueiredo1, Rafael Nazario1, Marisa Sousa1
1Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport of the Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto , Porto, Portugal.
Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|September 2, 2014
Summary
Maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) swimming intensity shows stable biomechanical parameters like stroke length and coordination after adaptation. However, efficiency indicators are more sensitive to changes during prolonged swimming at this intensity.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) is a key intensity for endurance training.
- Understanding biomechanical changes at MLSS is crucial for optimizing performance.
- Previous research has not fully detailed kinematic adaptations during prolonged MLSS swimming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze kinematic determinants of swimming at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) intensity.
- To investigate changes in stroke rate, stroke length, and efficiency over time during a 30-min MLSS test.
- To determine the stability of biomechanical parameters at prolonged MLSS swimming.
Main Methods:
- Thirteen long-distance swimmers completed an incremental test and 30-min constant speed bouts to establish MLSS.
- Video analysis using the APAS System captured kinematic data at five time points during the MLSS test.
- Key parameters analyzed included stroke rate, stroke length, trunk incline, intracyclic velocity variation, and propelling efficiency.
Main Results:
- Stroke rate tended to increase, while stroke length decreased during the MLSS test.
- Intracyclic velocity variation and propelling efficiency showed a tendency to decrease over time.
- Index of coordination and propulsive impulse remained stable, indicating some biomechanical consistency.
- Efficiency indicators were more sensitive to temporal changes at MLSS intensity.
Conclusions:
- MLSS intensity is characterized by relative stability in certain biomechanical parameters after an initial adaptation period.
- While overall blood lactate remains stable, swimming efficiency indicators can change during prolonged efforts at MLSS.
- MLSS is a practical intensity for long-term training, but swimmers may experience technical adjustments and potential efficiency constraints over time.
