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Regulation of mRNA trafficking by nuclear pore complexes
Amandine Bonnet1, Benoit Palancade2
1Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75205, France. bonnet.amandine@ijm.univ-paris-diderot.fr.
Abstract:
Over the last two decades, multiple studies have explored the mechanisms governing mRNA export out of the nucleus, a crucial step in eukaryotic gene expression. During transcription and processing, mRNAs are assembled into messenger ribonucleoparticles (mRNPs). mRNPs are then exported through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are large multiprotein assemblies made of several copies of a limited number of nucleoporins. A considerable effort has been put into the dissection of mRNA export through NPCs at both cellular and molecular levels, revealing the conserved contributions of a subset of nucleoporins in this process, from yeast to vertebrates. Several reports have also demonstrated the ability of NPCs to sort out properly-processed mRNPs for entry into the nuclear export pathway. Importantly, changes in mRNA export have been associated with post-translational modifications of nucleoporins or changes in NPC composition, depending on cell cycle progression, development or exposure to stress. How NPC modifications also impact on cellular mRNA export in disease situations, notably upon viral infection, is discussed.
Insights
Messenger RNA (mRNA) export from the nucleus is vital for gene expression. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate this process, with their modifications impacting cellular mRNA export, especially during viral infections.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- mRNA export from the nucleus is a critical step in eukaryotic gene expression.
- Messenger ribonucleoparticles (mRNPs) are assembled during transcription and processing.
- Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate the transport of mRNPs out of the nucleus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the mechanisms governing mRNA export out of the nucleus.
- To understand the role of nucleoporins and NPCs in mRNA export.
- To discuss the impact of NPC modifications on mRNA export in disease, particularly viral infections.
Main Methods:
- Review of multiple studies over the last two decades.
- Analysis of cellular and molecular levels of mRNA export through NPCs.
- Examination of conserved contributions of nucleoporins from yeast to vertebrates.
Main Results:
- NPCs sort properly-processed mRNPs for nuclear export.
- Changes in mRNA export correlate with nucleoporin post-translational modifications or NPC composition.
- Cell cycle, development, and stress influence NPC composition and mRNA export.
Conclusions:
- Nucleoporins and NPCs play conserved roles in mRNA export across species.
- Modifications in NPCs significantly impact cellular mRNA export.
- Understanding NPC roles in mRNA export is crucial for disease contexts like viral infections.
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