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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Selinexor Plus Ruxolitinib in Janus Kinase Inhibitor-Naïve Myelofibrosis: Phase III SENTRY Trial.

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Rationale for combination therapy in myelofibrosis.

John Mascarenhas1

  • 1Myeloproliferative Disorder Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1079, New York, NY, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Haematology
|September 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Combination therapies targeting myelofibrosis (MF) are crucial for disease modification. Combining JAK-STAT inhibitors like ruxolitinib with other agents shows promise for improved outcomes in MF treatment.

Keywords:
LDE225PRM-151combination therapydecitabinemyelofibrosispanobinostatruxolitinib

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors, including ruxolitinib, are approved for myelofibrosis (MF).
  • Alternative agents like chromatin modifiers and anti-fibrotics show therapeutic potential.
  • Complex MF pathobiology necessitates combination therapies for significant disease modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art in combination experimental therapy for MF.
  • To address the proposed goals of combination therapy approaches in MF.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of pre-clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials for MF combination therapies.
  • Review of novel treatment strategies incorporating ruxolitinib.

Main Results:

  • Ruxolitinib combinations with panobinostat, decitabine, LDE225, danazol, and lenalidomide are under investigation.
  • Novel anti-fibrotic agents like PRM-151 are being explored to overcome JAK2 inhibitor limitations.
  • Ruxolitinib is being integrated into hematopoietic stem cell transplantation strategies for MF.

Conclusions:

  • Combination therapy is likely essential for effective MF treatment and disease course modification.
  • Future trials will require demonstration of biologic activity and minimal toxicity in preclinical models.
  • Understanding MF pathogenetic mechanisms will drive the development of more drug combinations.