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Chest CT Manifestations in Children with CVID: A 10-Year Report

Mohammad Reza Boloursaz1, Soheila Khalilzadeh1, Pegah Rahmati Nezhad1

  • 1Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Tanaffos
|September 6, 2014
PubMed

Insights

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) reveals common pulmonary issues in children with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID). Early diagnosis and HRCT monitoring are crucial for preventing severe lung complications like bronchiectasis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Radiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency often presenting with recurrent respiratory infections.
  • Pulmonary complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in CVID patients.
  • Evaluating HRCT findings in pediatric CVID is essential for understanding disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the pulmonary manifestations of CVID in hospitalized children using HRCT.
  • To identify common HRCT findings in pediatric CVID patients.
  • To assess the utility of HRCT in monitoring CVID-related lung disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 25 children diagnosed with CVID.
  • Analysis of pulmonary HRCT scans from patients hospitalized between 2001 and 2011.
  • Data collected from the Pediatric Ward of Masih Daneshvari Hospital.

Main Results:

  • The most frequent HRCT findings included lymphadenopathy (66.7%), bronchiectasis (50%), air trapping (33.3%), and peribronchial wall thickening (33.3%).
  • Pulmonary changes were most prevalent in the 13-17 year age group.
  • Bronchiectasis was a common finding, indicating a potentially poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary changes in CVID are often preventable or treatable with early diagnosis.
  • HRCT is a valuable tool for early recognition and monitoring of pulmonary manifestations in CVID.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management can prevent irreversible lung complications, particularly bronchiectasis.
Abstract

Keywords:
CT scanCommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID)HRCT

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