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A Laboratory Method to Measure Contagious Yawning in Rats
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Yaws.

Michael Marks1, Dornubari Lebari2, Anthony W Solomon3

  • 1Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Mortimer Market Centre, Mortimer Market, London, UK michael.marks@lshtm.ac.uk.

International Journal of STD & AIDS
|September 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Yaws is a chronic bacterial infection affecting tropical children, spread by skin contact. Penicillin effectively treats yaws, but distinguishing it from syphilis via serology is challenging.

Keywords:
SyphilisTreponema pallidum pertenueYawsneglected tropical diseasesnon-venereal endemic syphilis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Yaws is a non-venereal endemic treponemal infection caused by Treponema pallidum sub-species pertenue.
  • It is a chronic, relapsing disease predominantly affecting children in tropical regions, spread via skin-to-skin contact.
  • Yaws causes destructive skin, mucous membrane, and bone lesions if untreated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of yaws.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges posed by yaws in non-endemic settings due to serological cross-reactivity with syphilis.
  • To emphasize the sensitivity of Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue to penicillin.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on yaws epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment.
  • Analysis of the relationship between Yaws and syphilis, including serological similarities.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and clinical management considerations.

Main Results:

  • Treponema pallidum sub-species pertenue is the causative agent of yaws.
  • Yaws shares clinical stages and serological reactivity with syphilis.
  • Penicillin is a highly effective treatment for yaws.

Conclusions:

  • Yaws is a treatable disease with penicillin, but diagnostic differentiation from syphilis is difficult.
  • The migration of individuals from endemic areas presents diagnostic challenges in developed countries.
  • Understanding yaws epidemiology, presentation, and treatment is crucial for clinicians.