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Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

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Published on: February 13, 2019

Decrease of insecticide resistance over generations without exposure to insecticides in Nilaparvata lugens

Yajun Yang, Biqin Dong, Hongxing Xu

Journal of Economic Entomology

|September 9, 2014

Summary

The brown planthopper can reverse insecticide resistance after 15 generations without exposure. Enzyme activity changes suggest adaptation, supporting reduced insecticide use for pest management.

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Entomology
Pest Management
Insect Physiology

Background:

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is a major pest of rice in Asia.
Widespread insecticide use has led to significant resistance in this pest population.
Understanding resistance reversal mechanisms is crucial for sustainable pest control.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential for resistance reversal in brown planthoppers after prolonged non-exposure to insecticides.
To analyze changes in key enzyme activities related to insecticide detoxification.
To inform integrated pest management strategies for Nilaparvata lugens.

Main Methods:

Rearing Nilaparvata lugens for 15 generations without insecticide exposure.
Evaluating resistance levels to four different insecticides (imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, fenobucarb).
Measuring the activity of acetylcholinesterases (AChE), general esterases (EST), and glutathione S-transferases.

Main Results:

Brown planthoppers demonstrated significant reversal of resistance to all tested insecticides after 15 generations.
The degree and pattern of resistance reversal varied among the different insecticides.
AChE and EST activities decreased over generations in the non-exposed population, indicating physiological adaptation.

Conclusions:

Nilaparvata lugens can regain susceptibility to insecticides when selection pressure is removed.
Enzyme activity modulation plays a role in the adaptation of planthoppers to non-insecticide environments.
Reducing, pausing, or rotating insecticide applications can be effective components of brown planthopper management strategies.