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PTH receptor signaling in osteoblasts regulates endochondral vascularization in maintenance of postnatal growth plate

Tao Qiu1, Lingling Xian, Janet Crane

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|September 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) signaling in osteoblasts is crucial for postnatal bone growth. Deleting the PTH receptor (PTH1R) in these cells stunts growth by impairing cartilage development and vascularization of the growth plate.

Area of Science:

  • Skeletal Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Longitudinal bone growth depends on growth plate chondrocytes, osteogenesis, and bone formation.
  • The roles of angiogenesis and bone remodeling in growth plate maintenance are not fully understood.
  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is known to stimulate bone remodeling via the PTH receptor (PTH1R).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PTH1R signaling in osteoblasts within the cartilaginous growth plate.
  • To elucidate the impact of disrupted PTH1R signaling on postnatal bone growth and development.

Main Methods:

  • Conditional deletion of PTH1R in osteoblasts using a mouse model.
  • Analysis of trabecular bone formation, growth plate cartilage morphology, and chondrocyte populations.
  • Assessment of endochondral angiogenesis and vascular invasion in the hypertrophic zone and primary spongiosa.

Main Results:

  • Mice lacking PTH1R in osteoblasts exhibited disrupted trabecular bone formation and postnatal growth retardation.
  • Profound defects in growth plate cartilage were observed, primarily due to reduced hypertrophic chondrocytes, leading to premature growth plate fusion and shortened long bones.
  • Impaired endochondral angiogenesis and vascular invasion were associated with aberrant chondrocyte maturation and cartilage development.

Conclusions:

  • PTH1R signaling in osteoblasts is essential for regulating the cartilaginous growth plate.
  • This signaling pathway plays a critical role in controlling chondrocyte maturation, endochondral ossification, and vascularization necessary for postnatal bone elongation.

Keywords:
GROWTH PLATEPARATHYROID HORMONEPOSTNATAL BONE GROWTHVASCULARIZATION

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