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Low expression of RSK4 predicts poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer
Jun Cai1, Hong Ma2, Fang Huang2
1Cancer Center of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022, Hubei, P. R. China; ; Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou 443000, Hubei, P. R. China.
Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death all over the world. Ribosomal s6 kinase4 (RSK4), an X-linked gene, firstly was found as to be a potential tumor suppressive gene in a variety of cancers and is widely participated in signaling pathway. However its role in CRC is unclear. This study is to explore the correlation between the protein expression of RSK4 and clinical pathologic characteristics in colorectal tumors, which might serve as a prognostic determinant of colorectal cancers.
Methods:
Biopsies of 103 colorectal cancer and 46 matched adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected for analysis of RSK4 protein by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between RSK4 protein expression and the clinical pathological features of colorectal cancers were evaluated by Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the relationship between prognostic factors and patient survival was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazard models.
Results:
RSK4 was conversely correlated with some pathological classifications (P<0.05 for N, G and clinical staging), and there were no statistically significant differences in age, CEA expression in blood, CA199 and tumors t-staging (x(2) test, P>0.05 for all categories) respectively. Furthermore, patients with high protein level of RSK4 showed prolonged overall survivals (P<0.05). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that low expression level of RSK is an independent risk factor for high mortality in colorectal cancer.
Conclusions:
Low RSK4 expression is correlated with advanced clinical pathologic classifications and is a poor overall survival in colorectal cancer patients. These findings suggest that RSK4 may serve as a useful marker in prognostic evaluation for patients with colorectal cancer.
Insights
Low ribosomal s6 kinase4 (RSK4) protein expression in colorectal cancer correlates with advanced disease and poor survival. RSK4 may serve as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global cause of cancer mortality.
- Ribosomal s6 kinase4 (RSK4), an X-linked gene, is implicated in various cancer signaling pathways.
- The specific role of RSK4 in CRC pathogenesis and prognosis remains largely undefined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between RSK4 protein expression and clinicopathological features in colorectal tumors.
- To evaluate RSK4 as a potential prognostic determinant for colorectal cancer patients.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze RSK4 protein levels in 103 CRC tissues and 46 adjacent non-cancerous tissues.
- Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox proportional hazard models.
- Correlations with clinical pathological features and survival rates were assessed.
Main Results:
- RSK4 expression inversely correlated with advanced pathological classifications (N, G, clinical stage; P<0.05).
- High RSK4 protein levels were associated with prolonged overall survival in CRC patients (P<0.05).
- Multivariate analysis identified low RSK4 expression as an independent risk factor for increased CRC mortality.
Conclusions:
- Reduced RSK4 expression is linked to advanced clinicopathological features in colorectal cancer.
- Low RSK4 protein levels predict a poorer overall survival outcome for CRC patients.
- RSK4 protein expression may function as a valuable prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer.
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