Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

4.4K
Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
4.4K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

543
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
543
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

394
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
394
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

941
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
941
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

998
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
998
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

398
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
398

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Deep Learning-Based Synthetic Contrast-Enhanced Breast MRI for Monitoring Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Finally, a use for balloons: Extended automated endovascular support enhances closed-loop resuscitation in a porcine model of shock.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

Functional Imaging for Regenerative Medicine: Tracking Vascularization of Intestinal Scaffolds.

Tissue engineering. Part A·2026
Same author

Initial identification of severely injured pediatric trauma patients-Clinical signs, scoring systems, and anticipating acute intervention needs: What you need to know.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

Contemporary management and outcomes of penetrating traumatic AAST-OIS grade III and IV kidney injuries undergoing laparotomy: a Trauma Quality Improvement Program analysis.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

The Good Surgeon: A Pilot Program for Flourishing in Surgical Residency.

Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Multi-Depth Porcine Model for Comprehensive Study of Burn Injuries and Healing Processes
02:49

Author Spotlight: A Multi-Depth Porcine Model for Comprehensive Study of Burn Injuries and Healing Processes

Published on: February 23, 2024

2.3K

Referral patterns in pediatric burn patients.

Andrea N Doud1, John M Swanson, Mitchell R Ladd

  • 1Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

The American Surgeon
|September 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Many pediatric burn patients meeting American Burn Association referral criteria are not transferred to verified burn centers (VBCs). Treatment at non-dedicated burn centers (NBCs) showed similar survival and discharge rates to VBCs in this study.

More Related Videos

Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection
08:40

Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection

Published on: August 23, 2022

6.2K
Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment
07:45

Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment

Published on: November 6, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Multi-Depth Porcine Model for Comprehensive Study of Burn Injuries and Healing Processes
02:49

Author Spotlight: A Multi-Depth Porcine Model for Comprehensive Study of Burn Injuries and Healing Processes

Published on: February 23, 2024

2.3K
Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection
08:40

Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection

Published on: August 23, 2022

6.2K
Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment
07:45

Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment

Published on: November 6, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Burn Care
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Verified burn centers (VBCs) demonstrate superior outcomes for adult burn patients.
  • A significant proportion of adult burn patients meeting American Burn Association (ABA) referral guidelines are not transferred to VBCs.
  • Pediatric burn patient referral patterns to VBCs are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine referral patterns for pediatric burn patients.
  • To assess compliance with ABA referral guidelines in pediatric burn care.
  • To compare treatment at VBCs versus non-dedicated burn centers (NBCs) for pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a statewide patient database (2000-2007).
  • Identification of pediatric burn patients using International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes.
  • Cross-referencing injuries with ABA referral criteria to determine guideline compliance.

Main Results:

  • 1831 pediatric burn patients hospitalized; 1274 (70%) met ABA referral criteria.
  • Of 557 patients treated at NBCs, 306 (55%) met criteria for transfer.
  • No significant association found between age, gender, or payer status and treatment center.
  • VBCs treated more severely injured patients, but survival and discharge home rates were similar between VBCs and NBCs.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial percentage of pediatric burn patients meeting ABA referral criteria are treated at NBCs.
  • Current data suggest similar survival and discharge home rates between VBCs and NBCs for pediatric burn patients.
  • Further studies evaluating functional outcomes are needed to optimize pediatric burn care.