[Interactions between the monogastric animal gut microbiota and the intestinal immune function--a review]

The large numbers of microorganisms that inhabit mammalian gastro-intestine have a highly coevolved relationship with the host's health in nutrition, immunity and other aspects. There is a complex relationship between microbiota and immune system. Although they can inhibit the pathogens invade epithelial tissue, many of these microbes have functions that are critical for stimulating host intestinal immune cells such as Tregs cells, Th17 cells differentiation. However, the disorder of the intestinal flora can cause bacterial translocation, intestinal barrier dysfunction. The mammalian immune system plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis with resident microbial communities, though secreting a variety of immune effector cytokines such as MUC, sIgA, ITF, RegIIIgamma, and alpha-defensins. Here, we review the composition of intestinal flora on simple stomach animal and the interactions between resident microbes and the immune function.