Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
Published on: September 18, 2016
The ultrasounds-ionic liquids synergy on the copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between phenylacetylene and
Salvatore Marullo1, Francesca D'Anna1, Carla Rizzo1
1Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Abstract:
The effect of ultrasound irradiation on the copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between phenylacetylene and 4-azidoquinoline has been studied in solution of different ionic liquids. In particular, we used ionic liquids featuring both aliphatic and aromatic mono- and dications, as well as anions differing in size, symmetry and coordination ability. We also examined the influence of the ionic liquids structural features on the reaction outcomes, finding that under magnetic stirring reactivity is favorably affected by the solvent structural organization, while under sonochemical conditions an opposite trend was observed. In all cases examined, sonochemical activation leads to significant reduction in energy consumption as compared to the reaction conducted under magnetic stirring.
Related Concept Videos
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling
Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation
Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

![Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F60786.jpg&w=3840&q=50)