Thermoporometry and impedance analysis to study dynamics of water and polymer present in hydrogel

Though various conventional methods are available to explore hydrogels, they have drawbacks such as analysis in solid state and failure to give insights into individual components of hydrogel viz. water (dispersion medium) and hydrophilic polymers (dispersed phase). The combined study of porosity and dielectric nature of hydrogel succeeds, in this context, as it investigates both the components individually. In this study, we have taken well-known hydrogel system gelatin-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross linked with genipin. Thermoporometry has been used to investigate the state of water and porosity whereas Alternative Current (AC) impedance analysis has been used to study about nature of polymers through dielectric properties in hydrogel. The influence of physic-chemical properties was examined with SEM and in vitro drug release using catechin. The study revealed that increasing concentration of PVA to gelatin has retained excessive bound water molecules exhibiting high polarity in each polymeric component. Further, it is shown that reduction in pore size and high reactivity with drug molecules have led to lower initial release and increase total amount of release. We conclude that non-conventional methods such as thermoporometry and AC impedance analysis yield more valuable information about hydrogel, which can aid in designing appropriate biomaterial for intended drug release.