Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
08:25

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling

Published on: April 7, 2015

Infective endocarditis in children: the changing profile

E L Kaplan1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|December 1, 1989
PubMed

Insights

This article outlines diagnosing and treating infective endocarditis in children. It notes a rise in Staphylococcus aureus and neonatal endocarditis cases, with neonatal endocarditis being particularly severe.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection affecting heart valves and the endocardium.
  • Pediatric IE presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Trends indicate shifts in causative pathogens and patient demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current principles for diagnosing infective endocarditis in pediatric patients.
  • To outline evidence-based treatment strategies for pediatric IE.
  • To highlight emerging trends, including increased Staphylococcus aureus and neonatal cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical guidelines on pediatric infective endocarditis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends in causative organisms and affected age groups.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Streptococcus endocarditis remains a significant cause, but Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis is increasing.
  • Neonatal endocarditis is identified as a severe and growing concern.
  • Established diagnostic and treatment protocols are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital for managing pediatric infective endocarditis.
  • Awareness of changing etiological patterns, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and neonatal cases, is essential.
  • Continued research and adherence to guidelines are necessary to improve patient care and outcomes.

More Related Videos

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues07:50

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues

Published on: January 7, 2019

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis08:44

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Published on: September 7, 2022

Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...