Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

755
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
755
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

1.5K
Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above...
1.5K
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

35
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
35
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

25
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
25
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

5.9K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
5.9K
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

29
Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
29

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex-specific relations between fasting insulin, insulin resistance and incident hypertension: 8.9 years follow-up in a Middle-Eastern population.

Journal of human hypertension·2014
Same author

Relationship of hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction with incident diabetes and pre-diabetes: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association·2014
Same author

Risk factors, sequential organ failure assessment and model for end-stage liver disease scores for predicting short term mortality in cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive care unit.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2006
Same author

Long term clinical outcome and bleeding complications among hospital survivors with acute coronary syndromes.

Postgraduate medical journal·2006
Same author

Classifying antibodies using flow cytometry data: class prediction and class discovery.

Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift·2006
Same author

The effects of isotonic and isokinetic muscle stretch on the excitability of the spinal alpha motor neurones in patients with muscle spasticity.

European journal of neurology·2005
Same journal

Serum benzylpenicillin levels during treatment for amatoxin poisoning: pharmacokinetic support for OATP1B3 inhibition.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Unlabeled kratom alkaloids detected in products marketed as kava.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Contemporary survey of United States poison center treatment recommendations for sodium channel blocking drug poisoning.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Safety of acetylcysteine: a scoping review of iatrogenic overdose cases and their associated complications.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Portal venous gas after ingestion of concentrated hydrogen peroxide.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same journal

Rhabdomyolysis, renal failure and chronic neurologic deficits after prolonged immobilization from use of a 7-hydroxymitragynine product.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Acute and Chronic Tactile Sensory Testing after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
08:57

Acute and Chronic Tactile Sensory Testing after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2012

23.5K

Subacute ascending numbness.

B Arshi1, S Shaw

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA.

Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|September 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case highlights a rare neurological presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency, characterized by sensory ataxia and posterior column involvement. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this potentially reversible neurological condition.

Keywords:
CNS and psychologicalCNS/PsychologicalMetabolic

More Related Videos

Three-dimensional Imaging of Nociceptive Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Human Skin Biopsies
11:22

Three-dimensional Imaging of Nociceptive Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Human Skin Biopsies

Published on: April 29, 2013

12.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Acute and Chronic Tactile Sensory Testing after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
08:57

Acute and Chronic Tactile Sensory Testing after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2012

23.5K
Three-dimensional Imaging of Nociceptive Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Human Skin Biopsies
11:22

Three-dimensional Imaging of Nociceptive Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Human Skin Biopsies

Published on: April 29, 2013

12.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutritional Neuroscience

Background:

  • Vitamin B12 deficiency can manifest with diverse neurological symptoms.
  • Posterior column involvement is a common finding in severe B12 deficiency.

Observation:

  • A 21-year-old male presented with ascending numbness and gait imbalance.
  • Neurological examination revealed diminished proprioception, vibration sense, a steppage gait, and a positive Romberg sign.
  • Laboratory tests showed borderline low vitamin B12 and elevated homocysteine levels.

Findings:

  • Cervical spine MRI demonstrated T2-weighted hyperintensities in the posterior columns (C2-C7).
  • These findings are consistent with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.
  • The patient's symptoms correlated with the observed spinal cord abnormalities.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering vitamin B12 deficiency in young adults with sensory ataxia.
  • Prompt supplementation can lead to neurological recovery and prevent permanent damage.
  • Highlights the utility of MRI in diagnosing spinal cord involvement in nutritional deficiencies.