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Feline epilepsy.

D Schwartz-Porsche¹, E Kaiser

¹Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, West Germany.

Problems in Veterinary Medicine

|October 1, 1989

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Idiopathic epilepsy is common in cats, often starting between 6-36 months with single seizures. Symptomatic epilepsy occurs earlier or later, often with multiple seizures, and both types predominantly feature grand mal seizures.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Neurology
Epileptology

Background:

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in domestic cats.
Understanding the different types and presentations of epilepsy is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate between idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsy in cats.
To describe the typical onset, seizure types, and pathological findings associated with each epilepsy type.
To evaluate the efficacy of common antiepileptic drugs in feline epilepsy.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case analysis of epileptic cats.
Clinical data review including age of onset, seizure frequency, and seizure semiology.
Histopathological examination of brain tissue, particularly the Ammon's horn.
Assessment of treatment responses to various antiepileptic medications.

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Main Results:

Idiopathic epilepsy was diagnosed in approximately two-thirds of cases, typically starting between 6 and 36 months of age with single seizures during rest or sleep.
Symptomatic epilepsy was more common in very young (first two years) or old cats, often presenting with multiple seizures or status epilepticus.
Grand mal seizures were predominant in both epilepsy types.
Seizure clusters and status epilepticus led to significant neuron necroses and scleroses in the Ammon's horn.
Diazepam and phenobarbital were identified as first-choice antiepileptics, while primidone and phenytoin were less suitable.

Conclusions:

Feline epilepsy presents with distinct idiopathic and symptomatic forms, differing in age of onset and clinical presentation.
Severe seizure activity can cause irreversible neuropathological changes.
Diazepam and phenobarbital are recommended as primary treatments for feline epilepsy.