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A language-familiarity effect for speaker discrimination without comprehension.

David Fleming1, Bruno L Giordano2, Roberto Caldara3

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, United Kingdom; d.fleming.1@research.gla.ac.uk.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Speaker identification relies on native language phonology, not speech comprehension. Familiarity with a language's sound structure, not understanding, improves speaker discrimination.

Keywords:
dissimilarity ratingsunintelligible speechvoice perception

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Perception
  • Speech Processing

Background:

  • Speaker identification is influenced by language familiarity, with some suggesting it depends on language ability.
  • Infants discriminate native language speakers better than foreign speakers, hinting at phonological familiarity over comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether language familiarity in speaker discrimination relies on speech comprehension or phonological familiarity.
  • To test if the language familiarity effect persists even when speech is unintelligible.

Main Methods:

  • Adult participants (Chinese and English speakers) rated speaker dissimilarity.
  • Stimuli included time-reversed sentences in native and foreign languages, rendering them unintelligible.
  • Participants evaluated pairs of sentences spoken by native and foreign speakers.

Main Results:

  • A language familiarity effect was observed even with unintelligible speech.
  • Listeners rated native-language speakers as more dissimilar than foreign-language speakers.
  • This indicates that comprehension is not necessary for the language familiarity effect.

Conclusions:

  • Speaker discrimination is based on familiarity with native language phonology, not speech comprehension.
  • This phonological familiarity effect may be analogous to the other-race effect in face recognition.