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Published on: October 28, 2015
Sono-photodynamic combination therapy: a review on sensitizers
Krishna Chaitanya Sadanala1, Pankaj Kumar Chaturvedi1, You Mi Seo1
1Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Abstract:
Cancer is characterized by the dysregulation of cell signaling pathways at several steps. The majority of current anticancer therapies involve the modulation of a single target. A tumor-targeting drug-delivery system consists of a tumor detection moiety and a cytotoxic material joined directly or through a suitable linker to form a conjugate. Photodynamic therapy has been used for more than 100 years to treat tumors. One of the present goals of photodynamic therapy research is to enhance the selective targeting of tumor cells in order to reduce the risk and extension of unwanted side-effects, caused by normal cell damage. Sonodynamic therapy is a promising new treatment for patients with cancer. It treats cancer with ultrasound and sonosensitive agents. Porphyrin compounds often serve as photosensitive and sonosensitive agents. The combination of these two methods makes cancer treatment more effective. The present review provides an overview of photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, sono-photodynamic therapy and the four sensitizers which are suitable candidates for combined sono-photodynamic therapy.
Insights
This review explores combined sono-photodynamic therapy for cancer, enhancing tumor targeting and reducing side effects. It highlights porphyrin compounds as key sensitizers for this advanced cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Photomedicine
Background:
- Cancer treatment often targets single pathways, leading to limited efficacy.
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) are emerging cancer treatments.
- Improving tumor selectivity in PDT and SDT is crucial to minimize side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and their combination.
- To discuss the potential of sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) for enhanced cancer treatment.
- To identify suitable sensitizers for combined SPDT.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on PDT, SDT, and SPDT.
- Analysis of drug-delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy.
- Evaluation of porphyrin compounds as photosensitive and sonosensitive agents.
Main Results:
- Current therapies often lack tumor specificity.
- Porphyrin derivatives show promise as dual-action agents in SPDT.
- Combined SPDT offers a potentially more effective cancer treatment strategy.
Conclusions:
- Sono-photodynamic therapy represents a promising advancement in cancer treatment.
- Targeted drug-delivery systems are key to SPDT efficacy.
- Further research into sensitizers like porphyrins can optimize SPDT outcomes.
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