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Immunological assessment of cryotherapy in breast cancer patients
Shigeo Koido1, Satoki Kinoshita2, Takuji Mogami3
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan shigeo_koido@jikei.ac.jp.
Background:
In murine studies, cryotherapy has induced antitumor immune responses associated with the rejection of tumors. However, the effects of freezing-induced immunomodulation in breast cancer (BC) patients remain unclear.
Materials And Methods:
Ten BC patients were prospectively divided into two groups: 1) cryotherapy followed by surgical excision and 2) surgical excision-alone. The cytokine profiles of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed using flow cytometry following in vitro stimulation with the 30-mer MUC1 peptide.
Results:
No differences in the percentages of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing cluster of differentiation (CD)4(+) or CD8(+) T cells and the plasma levels of IFN-γ, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TNF-β were observed between these 2 groups, and PBMCs were not significantly altered.
Conclusion:
Alternations to the type 1 and 2 helper cytokine profiles were not detected in vitro in BC patients treated with cryotherapy-alone.
