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Morbidity and mortality risk among patients with screening-detected severe hypertension in the Malmö Preventive

Christina Westerdahl1, Bengt Zöller, Eren Arslan

  • 1aLund University, Department of Clinical Science, University Hospital, Sweden bIstanbul University Cerrahapsa School of Medicine, Kocamustafapasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Hypertension
|September 10, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Severe hypertension is linked to metabolic syndrome and family history. Individuals with severe hypertension face higher risks of mortality, cardiovascular events, and diabetes, even with treatment, necessitating better risk factor management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hypertension screening is crucial for early detection and treatment.
  • Severe hypertension (grade 3) is a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease.
  • Population-based screening and intervention programs are vital for managing hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for developing severe hypertension.
  • To evaluate the prospective morbidity and mortality risks associated with severe hypertension.
  • To analyze outcomes in a population-based screening and intervention program.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort of 18,200 individuals in Malmö, Sweden, was examined at baseline (1972-1992) and re-examined (2002-2006).
  • Severe hypertension (300 individuals, 1.6%) was identified at re-examination, with baseline risk factors analyzed.
  • Morbidity and mortality data were tracked in national registers, with Cox analyses used for hazard ratios.

Main Results:

  • Men with severe hypertension showed baseline metabolic syndrome variables and paternal hypertension history.
  • Women with severe hypertension had elevated BMI and maternal hypertension history.
  • Severe hypertension patients had higher risks of mortality, coronary events, stroke, and diabetes, with coronary event risk remaining elevated (HR 2.31).

Conclusions:

  • Family history and metabolic syndrome indicators predict severe hypertension long-term.
  • Severe hypertension increases mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, and diabetes risk despite treatment.
  • Improved risk factor control is essential for managing severe hypertension.
Abstract

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