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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.4K
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Author Spotlight: Anterior HR-OCT as a Non-Invasive Tool for Characterizing Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
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Author Spotlight: Anterior HR-OCT as a Non-Invasive Tool for Characterizing Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

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Congenital epidermal nevus.

Bhawna Arora1, Vineet Inder Singh Khinda2, Nitika Bajaj3

  • 1Senior Lecturer, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
|September 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epidermal nevi are benign skin growths caused by FGFR3 gene mutations. Early diagnosis by dentists and dermatologists aids in managing these disfiguring conditions.

Keywords:
CryosurgeryDermabrasionEpidermalNeviNevus

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Epidermal nevi are hamartomas involving epidermal and adnexal hyperplasia.
  • These congenital lesions can cause significant disfigurement.
  • Germline mutations in the FGFR3 gene are identified as the cause.

Observation:

  • Patients often present to dermatologic surgeons for treatment.
  • Dentists can also diagnose epidermal nevi based on clinical presentation.
  • Various treatment options exist, chosen based on patient condition.

Findings:

  • FGFR3 gene mutations are the primary etiology of epidermal nevi.
  • Clinical diagnosis is possible by both dermatologists and dentists.
  • Treatment selection is individualized.

Implications:

  • Early recognition by dental professionals can facilitate timely diagnosis.
  • Understanding the genetic basis aids in prognosis and counseling.
  • Multidisciplinary management is key for optimal patient outcomes.