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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
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Fabrication of a Solution-gated Indium-Tin-Oxide-based One-piece Transistor Enabling Sensitive Biosensing
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A bio-inspired, sensitive, and selective ionic gate driven by silver (I) ions.

Loujun Gao1, Pei Li, Yuqi Zhang

  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi Province, 716000, PR China.

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|September 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel ionic gate using DNA-grafted nanochannels. This biomimetic nanodevice is highly sensitive to silver (I) ions and cysteine, enabling potential applications in sensing and medicine.

Keywords:
gatingionic gatesnanochannelssilver ions

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomimetic devices
  • Chemical sensing

Background:

  • Ion track-etched nanochannels offer unique platforms for nanoscale devices.
  • DNA can be functionalized to create specific molecular recognition sites.
  • Developing selective sensors for biologically relevant ions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a highly sensitive and selective ionic gate using DNA-functionalized nanochannels.
  • To demonstrate the gate's responsiveness to silver (I) ions and cysteine.
  • To explore the potential of this nanodevice in various applications.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting specific response DNA onto the interior surface of ion track-etched conical nanochannels.
  • Characterizing the ionic transport properties of the modified nanochannels.
  • Investigating the gate's response to different ionic concentrations, particularly silver (I) ions and cysteine.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a functional ionic gate with distinct OFF and ON states.
  • The gate's switching behavior was primarily controlled by the presence of silver (I) ions and cysteine.
  • Achieved high sensitivity and selectivity in the ionic gate's response.

Conclusions:

  • A novel biomimetic nanodevice based on DNA-grafted nanochannels was successfully fabricated.
  • The developed ionic gate shows significant potential for sensitive and selective detection of silver (I) ions and cysteine.
  • The nanodevice holds promise for applications in sensing, pharmaceuticals, and sterilization.