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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

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Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
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Targeting DNA methylation to the genome.

Patrick C H Lo

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers are developing new methods to link DNA methylation, a key epigenetic factor, to human biology and disease. This work aims to clarify the connection between epigenetic changes and observable traits.

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    Targeted DNA Methylation Analysis by Next-generation Sequencing
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    Targeted DNA Methylation Analysis by Next-generation Sequencing

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    Area of Science:

    • Epigenetics
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Establishing direct links between DNA alterations and observable phenotypes is scientifically challenging.
    • Connecting epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, to human diseases presents a significant hurdle for researchers.
    • Understanding these links is crucial for advancing human biology and disease research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore novel methodologies for tracing the relationship between DNA methylation and human biology.
    • To address the difficulties in linking epigenetic changes to specific phenotypes and diseases.
    • To highlight the work of researchers developing innovative approaches in this field.

    Main Methods:

    • Focuses on the development of new research methods.
    • Investigates approaches to track the influence of DNA methylation.
    • Employs strategies to bridge the gap between molecular epigenetics and observable human traits.

    Main Results:

    • New methods are emerging to connect DNA methylation patterns with biological outcomes.
    • The research highlights progress in understanding the functional impact of epigenetics.
    • Advances are being made in visualizing the pathway from epigenetic marks to human phenotypes.

    Conclusions:

    • Developing new methods is essential for understanding the role of DNA methylation in human health and disease.
    • The ongoing work promises to enhance our comprehension of epigenetics in biological systems.
    • Further research in this area will likely uncover critical insights into gene-environment interactions and disease etiology.