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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.8K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.2K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.5K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.2K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.3K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.3K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.9K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Valley and spin dynamics in MoSe2 two-dimensional crystals.

Nardeep Kumar1, Jiaqi He, Dawei He

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA. huizhao@ku.edu.

Nanoscale
|September 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Monolayer molybdenum diselenide exhibits fast valley relaxation at room temperature, with a valley relaxation time of 9 ± 3 ps. This finding highlights its potential for advanced room-temperature valleytronic and spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) like molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) possess unique valley and spin properties.
  • Understanding carrier dynamics is crucial for developing novel electronic and spintronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the valley and spin dynamics in monolayer MoSe2.
  • To determine the valley relaxation time at room temperature.
  • To assess the potential of MoSe2 for room-temperature spintronic and valleytronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polarization-resolved femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.
  • Injected valley- and spin-polarized excitons using a circularly polarized laser pulse.
  • Measured dynamical circular dichroism with a linearly polarized probe pulse at 790 nm.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a valley relaxation time of 9 ± 3 picoseconds at room temperature.
  • Observed that the valley relaxation time is significantly shorter (at least one order of magnitude) than the exciton lifetime.
  • Demonstrated efficient valley polarization injection and relaxation.

Conclusions:

  • Monolayer MoSe2 exhibits rapid valley polarization dynamics at room temperature.
  • The short valley relaxation time suggests promising applications in high-speed valleytronic and spintronic devices.
  • MoSe2 is a strong candidate for future nanoscale electronic and spin-based technologies.