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Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
Published on: July 29, 2014
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Activation and regulation of pathogen sensor RIG-I
Jenish R Patel1, Adolfo García-Sastre2
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
|September 13, 2014
Summary
RIG-I, a key sensor, detects viral RNA to trigger innate immune responses against pathogens. Its intricate regulation is vital for cellular defense, though pathogens can manipulate it to evade detection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Cells possess pattern recognition receptors to detect foreign molecules and initiate innate immune responses.
- RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) is a cytosolic sensor detecting 5'-triphosphate double-stranded RNAs produced during viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the role and regulation of RIG-I in antimicrobial innate immunity.
- To understand how pathogens modulate RIG-I signaling for immune evasion.
Main Methods:
- The study focuses on the structural and functional aspects of RIG-I.
- Investigated the regulatory mechanisms, including cofactors and posttranslational modifications, governing the RIG-I pathway.
- Examined pathogen strategies to interfere with RIG-I recognition and activation.
Main Results:
- RIG-I efficiently detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns like 5'-triphosphate dsRNA.
- The RIG-I pathway involves complex autoregulation and requires multiple cofactors and modifications for proper function.
- Pathogens actively modulate RIG-I signaling to escape host immune surveillance.
Conclusions:
- RIG-I is essential for mounting effective antimicrobial responses against viruses and intracellular bacteria.
- The intricate regulation of the RIG-I pathway underscores its critical role in innate immunity.
- Understanding RIG-I modulation by pathogens is key to developing new therapeutic strategies.
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