Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

12.2K
The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons...
12.2K
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

44.8K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
44.8K
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

2.3K
Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
2.3K
Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy02:13

Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy

8.5K
Bond energy is the energy required to break a bond homolytically. These values are usually expressed in units of kcal/mol or kJ/mol and are referred to as bond dissociation energies when given for specific bonds or average bond energies when indicated for a given type of bond over many compounds. Firstly, the bond dissociation energy for a single bond is weaker than that of a double bond, which in turn is weaker than that of a triple bond. Secondly, hydrogen forms relatively strong bonds with...
8.5K
Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

2.5K
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
2.5K
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

1.5K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Why is the eclipsed form of dimethylacetylene more stable than its staggered form?

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Single Ni Atoms Drive Carboxyl Deprotonation in Metal-Organic Chains.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

The XPS of azines: A comparative study.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Microscopic Origin of Charge Transfer at the Organic Semiconductor/MoO<sub>3</sub> Hybrid Interface.

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces·2025
Same author

Low- Temperature Transformations in Amorphous Silica Bilayers on Ru(0001) After Crystal-Glass Transition: Closer Look.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Copper Single-Atom Catalyst for Efficient C─S Coupling in Thioether Synthesis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7âˆ'ÃŽ ´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates
06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7âˆ'ÃŽ ´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

6.4K

Surface core-level binding energy shifts for MgO(100).

Connie J Nelin1, Felix Uhl, Volker Staemmler

  • 1Consultant, Austin, TX 78730, USA.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|September 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Surface core-level shifts (SCLS) for MgO(100) reveal an unexpected O(1s) SCLS near zero, contrary to Madelung potential predictions. This anomaly is attributed to increased effective size of surface oxygen anions.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks
05:26

Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: February 10, 2023

4.0K
Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7âˆ'ÃŽ ´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates
06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7âˆ'ÃŽ ´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

6.4K
Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks
05:26

Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: February 10, 2023

4.0K
Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Core-level binding energies (BE) are crucial for understanding surface electronic structure.
  • Madelung potentials predict surface core-level shifts (SCLS) based on ionic potentials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anomalous O(1s) SCLS on MgO(100).
  • To interpret the observed SCLS in relation to surface electronic structure and atomic distortions.

Main Methods:

  • Combined theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of SCLS.
  • Analysis of atomic distortions from spherical symmetry using a novel theoretical procedure.

Main Results:

  • Mg(2p) SCLS on MgO(100) shifts to higher BE by ~1 eV, consistent with Madelung potential differences.
  • O(1s) SCLS on MgO(100) is observed to be close to 0, deviating significantly from the predicted ~-1 eV.

Conclusions:

  • The anomalous O(1s) SCLS is explained by an increase in the effective size of surface oxygen anions.
  • Surface atomic distortions play a critical role in determining SCLS, particularly for anions.