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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Published on: November 8, 2012

Characterizing the connectome in schizophrenia with diffusion spectrum imaging.

Alessandra Griffa¹, Philipp Sebastian Baumann, Carina Ferrari

¹Signal Processing Laboratory 5 (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Human Brain Mapping

|September 13, 2014

Summary

Schizophrenia disrupts brain network integration, affecting both central hubs and peripheral areas. Structural changes and decentralization in the brain

Keywords:

brain network connectome diffusion spectrum imaging graph theory magnetic resonance imaging psychosis schizophrenia

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Network Science

Background:

Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with disabling symptoms and cognitive deficits.
Neuroimaging reveals widespread brain involvement and decreased functional integration in schizophrenia patients.
Understanding the topological and microstructural alterations in brain networks is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

Identify brain regions responsible for lost network integration in schizophrenia.
Determine the topological role of affected regions and their alterations in patients.
Investigate disruptions in white matter properties connecting affected brain areas.

Main Methods:

Acquired diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) data from 16 schizophrenia patients and 15 healthy controls.
Investigated weighted brain networks using global connectivity and nodal analyses.
Assessed network damage via shortest path analysis and targeted attacks on the affected core.

Main Results:

Confirmed disrupted integration and segregation properties in schizophrenia patients' brain networks.
Identified a distributed set of affected brain nodes, including hubs and peripheral areas.
Found compromised centrality of the affected core and altered white matter properties (GFA, ADC) within it.

Conclusions:

Structural alterations and topological decentralization of the affected brain core are key mechanisms in schizophrenia.
These findings highlight the role of dysconnectivity in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
The study provides insights into the network-level impact of schizophrenia on brain structure and function.