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Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in children: mechanism, source, and management

Venkata S P B Durvasula1, Ashley C O'Neill2, Gresham T Richter1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery, Arkansas Children's Hospital, 1 Children's Way, Slot #836, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|September 13, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) in children, affecting both typically developing and delayed individuals, stems from multifactorial causes impacting swallowing. This review offers insights into its mechanisms and management strategies for acute and chronic cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) is a common and complex condition in pediatric populations.
  • It affects children with normal development and those with developmental delays.
  • OPD can arise from multifactorial causes, including neurological, inflammatory, and anatomical issues affecting the pharyngeal phase of swallowing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the current understanding of the mechanisms and origins of pediatric OPD.
  • To provide a management algorithm for both acute and chronic pediatric OPD cases.
  • To highlight the significant health and family burden associated with persistent OPD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on pediatric oropharyngeal dysphagia.
  • Analysis of the multifactorial etiologies contributing to swallowing discoordination.
  • Development of a clinical management algorithm based on disease severity and chronicity.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric OPD is frequently multifactorial, involving neurological, inflammatory, and anatomical factors.
  • The condition can persist for years, posing a substantial burden on patients and families.
  • A structured approach to management is crucial for addressing acute and chronic presentations.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the complex etiology of pediatric OPD is key to effective management.
  • A defined algorithm can guide clinicians in addressing acute and chronic OPD.
  • Early and appropriate intervention can mitigate the long-term health and familial impact of pediatric dysphagia.

Keywords:
AspirationChildrenDysphagiaMicroaspirationOropharyngeal dysphagiaPediatric dysphagiaPharyngealSwallowing disorders

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