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Updated: Apr 24, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
Published on: August 18, 2015
Secular trends in ischemic stroke subtypes and stroke risk factors
Chrysi Bogiatzi1, Daniel G Hackam1, A Ian McLeod1
1From the Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute (C.B., D.G.H., J.D.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (D.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology (D.G.H., J.D.S.), Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurology (D.G.H., J.D.S.), and Department of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences (A.I.M.), Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Stroke subtypes are shifting due to improved medical management. Cardioembolic stroke is increasing, necessitating further cardiac investigations and anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Early stroke diagnosis and treatment are vital for patient outcomes.
- Identifying stroke etiology guides appropriate therapy and recurrence risk reduction.
- Therapeutic changes, like increased statin use, may alter ischemic stroke subtype frequencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze secular trends in stroke risk factors.
- To examine changes in ischemic stroke subtypes over time.
- To assess the impact of contemporary medical management on stroke etiology.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patients with transient ischemic attack or minor/moderate stroke.
- Data collected from an urgent transient ischemic attack clinic between 2002 and 2012.
- Evaluation of trends in stroke risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes.
Main Results:
- Significant declines observed in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure.
- Associated significant decreases in large artery stroke and small vessel stroke.
- Proportion of cardioembolic stroke significantly increased from 26% to 56% (2002-2012).
Conclusions:
- Intensified community medical management reduced atherosclerotic risk factors.
- Decline in large artery and small vessel disease-related strokes observed.
- Increased cardioembolic stroke suggests need for enhanced cardiac evaluation and anticoagulation.
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