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Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Endovascular Perforation Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI

Endovascular Perforation Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI

Published on: December 16, 2021

Rat endovascular perforation model.

Fatima A Sehba¹

¹Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurosciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA, Fatima.Sehba@mssm.edu.

Translational Stroke Research

|September 13, 2014

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The rat endovascular perforation model is crucial for studying brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This review details the technique for creating SAH in rats and addresses challenges.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurosurgery
Pathophysiology

Background:

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a critical neurological condition.
Experimental animal models are vital for understanding SAH-induced brain injury mechanisms.
The rat endovascular perforation (EVP) model accurately mimics early SAH pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the historical development of the rat endovascular perforation (EVP) model.
To detail the technical methodology for inducing SAH in the EVP model.
To identify and discuss considerations for overcoming technical challenges in the EVP model.

Main Methods:

Review of historical data and established protocols for the EVP model.
Detailed description of the endovascular perforation technique in rats.

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Analysis of critical procedural steps and potential pitfalls.

Main Results:

The EVP model effectively replicates the acute phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Key technical aspects for successful SAH induction are elucidated.
Strategies for managing and mitigating experimental challenges are presented.

Conclusions:

The rat EVP model remains a valuable tool for investigating early brain injury following SAH.
Understanding the technical nuances is essential for reliable and reproducible SAH research.
This review provides a comprehensive guide for researchers utilizing the EVP model.