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Related Experiment Videos

Transfusion induces blood donor-specific suppressor cells.

R L Quigley1, K J Wood, P J Morris

  • 1Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|January 15, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Preoperative blood transfusions induce donor-specific suppressor cells, prolonging kidney allograft survival in rats. These suppressor cells, found in lymph nodes and thoracic duct lymph, are detectable both in vivo and in vitro, demonstrating their role in transplant tolerance.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Biology
  • Cellular Immunology

Background:

  • Pre-transplant blood transfusions can enhance organ transplant survival.
  • The underlying mechanisms of this beneficial effect are not fully understood.
  • Donor-specific suppressor cells are hypothesized to play a role in transplant tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether preoperative blood transfusion induces donor-specific suppressor cells.
  • To determine the functional capacity of these suppressor cells in vivo and in vitro.
  • To identify lymphoid compartments containing these suppressor cells.

Main Methods:

  • Adoptive transfer of lymphoid cells from transfused rats into syngeneic hosts challenged with allografts (in vivo assay).
  • Addition of lymphoid cells from transfused rats as regulator cells into mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) (in vitro assay).

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  • Assessment of renal allograft survival and lymphocyte proliferation as measures of suppression.

    • Main Results:

    • Adoptive transfer of lymph node (LN) or thoracic duct lymph (TDL) cells from blood-transfused rats led to indefinite survival of kidney allografts in syngeneic hosts.
    • Spleen cells from transfused rats did not confer similar protection.
    • In vitro, LN and TDL cells from transfused rats significantly suppressed lymphocyte proliferation in a donor-specific manner.
    • These suppressor effects were observed across multiple rat strain combinations.

    Conclusions:

    • A single blood transfusion induces donor-specific suppressor cells in specific lymphoid compartments (LN, TDL) of rats.
    • These suppressor cells are detectable both in vivo and in vitro.
    • The induction of these suppressor cells likely contributes to the prolonged survival of renal allografts observed after preoperative transfusion.