The S100 protein family and its application in cardiac diseases
1Department of Emergency Medicine, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
Insights
S100 proteins are key signaling molecules involved in various diseases, particularly cardiac conditions. Their levels and expression, like S100B and S100A1, serve as vital biomarkers for predicting patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiology
Background:
- The S100 protein family represents the largest group of EF-hand signaling proteins in humans.
- These proteins are widely expressed across tissues and perform diverse cellular functions.
- Aberrant S100 protein expression is linked to numerous pathologies, highlighting their role in disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of S100 proteins in human health and disease.
- To emphasize the significance of S100 proteins as emerging biochemical markers, especially in cardiac diseases.
- To discuss the clinical utility of specific S100 members, such as S100B and S100A1, in predicting patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on S100 protein family functions.
- Analysis of studies investigating S100 protein expression and serum levels.
- Examination of research on S100B and S100A1 in cardiac disease contexts.
Main Results:
- S100 proteins are implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases.
- S100B and S100A1 are particularly relevant in cardiac conditions.
- Immunohistochemical expression and serum levels of S100 proteins are valuable prognostic indicators.
Conclusions:
- S100 proteins are crucial signaling molecules with significant implications in various diseases.
- S100B and S100A1 show promise as biomarkers for assessing neurologic outcomes post-cardiac arrest and cardioprotective function.
- Further research into S100 proteins can enhance diagnostic and prognostic strategies in clinical practice.
Abstract:
The S100 protein family is the largest group of EF-hand signaling proteins in humans. The members of the S100 protein family are expressed in many tissues and play different functions. Many diseases are related to S100 proteins, which function as new biochemical markers especially in cardiac diseases. The most studied members, protein S100B and protein S100A1, exhibit activities in cardiac diseases, and these immunohistochemical expressions or serum levels have been used in predicting neurologic outcome after resuscitation of cardiac arrest or recovery of cardioprotective function.
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