Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

12.3K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
12.3K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

3.7K
3.7K
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

869
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
869
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

6.5K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
6.5K
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

68.6K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
68.6K
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

19.9K
19.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AnalyzAIRR: A user-friendly guided workflow for AIRR data analysis.

Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Construction of Dinucleotide Circular Codes Based on Nucleotide Probabilities.

Acta biotheoretica·2025
Same author

Genome Galaxy Identified by the Circular Code Theory.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2024
Same author

Circular code identified by the codon usage.

Bio Systems·2024
Same author

Circular cut codes in genetic information.

Bio Systems·2024
Same author

Circular code in introns.

Bio Systems·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes
07:55

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes

Published on: May 31, 2011

10.6K

Circular code motifs in the ribosome decoding center.

Karim El Soufi1, Christian J Michel1

  • 1Theoretical Bioinformatics, Icube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, Illkirch 67400, France.

Computational Biology and Chemistry
|September 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Three classes of X motifs, including mAA, mG, and m, are identified across diverse organisms' rRNAs, strengthening the circular code translation concept. These motifs are conserved in the ribosome decoding center.

Keywords:
Circular code motifRibosomal RNARibosome decoding centerTranslation codeTrinucleotide

More Related Videos

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

3.5K
Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes
07:55

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes

Published on: May 31, 2011

10.6K
De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

3.5K
Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • A translation (framing) code based on the circular code was previously proposed.
  • X circular code motifs (X motifs) were initially identified in bacterial rRNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize X motifs in various rRNA types.
  • To investigate the conservation and location of these motifs within the ribosome decoding center.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of rRNA sequences from diverse organisms (bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, chloroplasts).
  • Utilized crystallographic structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB).
  • Identified conserved nucleotide patterns corresponding to X motifs.

Main Results:

  • Three classes of X motifs (mAA, mG, and m) were identified in bacteria, archaea, nuclear eukaryotes, and chloroplast rRNAs.
  • Universally conserved nucleotides A1492 and A1493 form the mAA motif.
  • Conserved nucleotide G530 forms the mG motif, found in bacteria, archaea, and also in nuclear eukaryotes and chloroplasts.
  • The m motif was identified in all studied rRNAs.
  • X motifs are located in the ribosome decoding center and may interact with mRNA and tRNA X motifs.

Conclusions:

  • The identification of conserved X motifs (mAA, mG, m) across diverse organisms strengthens the concept of a circular code-based translation system.
  • These findings highlight the fundamental role of these motifs in ribosome function and translation fidelity.